Fluid double-action shock absorber



Oct. 13, 1925.

s. P. BENNETT FLUID DOUBLE CTIOE SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Sept. 24. 2 Sheets-Shet L BY v 1 M I r a, I AT RNEY INVENIUK Samuel R. Ben new ments :in Fluid Double Action Shock Ab- I U NI TED Jofmcs.

SAMUEL P. BENNETT, or sen rnancxsco, csnrroam.

FLUID DOUBLE'ACTION SHOCK ABSORBER.

Application filed September 24, 1924. Serial No. reams.

To 1115 inhom it may concern: I

I Be it known that I, SAMUEL P; BENNETT,

a citizen of the UnitedStates, and aresident of the city andcounty-o'f San Francisco, and State of California, have invented certain new-and useful Improveto those of double action employingaliquid column to which the initial shock is trans mitted, to be gradually released, therefrom thereafter through transference of this liquid column through minute openings to i a common reservoir from which is estab -lquid under pressure in one cylinder another. cylinder from which the pressureis' being released,il=these cylinders being con and pivotally secure being that as established between'the eas-" lished a second liquid column, the common reservoir serving as a supply for replenishing alternately the two liquid columns, which are adapted to operate reciprocally.

Primarily, my invention is'designed to operate on the principle of by-passing a fined within a eommoncasing containing a common chamber with which both com municate, and each fitted with a piston, these pistons being connected, through link connections, to an 'operatingyoke centrally and operable through a lever arm carrying universal connections attached to either a spring or axle of a.

motor vehicle, the other point :of support ing and a section of the vehicles frame.

The essential features of this invention reside in the method of alternately forcing the liquid, as contained within the casing and received by the cylinders therefrom,

from one cylinder to the other through the oscillating action of the yoke and co related parts and the alternate opening and closing of ball check valves, which are adapted to unseat and allow fluid to enter the cylinu'alls, through which liquid from t 0 cylinders is forced into the chamber on the down strokes of the pistons, afiording a means whereby relief in pressure may be had of such pressure as may have been transmitted by shock to the liquid columns confined within these cylinders.

ind ers, pistons and link connections to the i A principal object of this inventionis to provide a shock-absorber for vehicles, which is reciprocal, and positive in action, durable, and of comparatively simple construction. a a

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a device of the character descri ed, a means whereby road shocks transmitted to the various parts of vehicles, through the wheels coming in contact with obstacles and "and the life and usefulness of the vehicle greatlyincreased. l Q

An additional objectis to provide a ti vice of the character specified that will positively check and-reduce to av minimum all jars and jolts suddenly transmitted-to vehicle axles, and, incidentally, allow any excessive pressure, due to sudden compressive actionupon the fluid within the cylini ders, to'be gradually relieved.

' Other objects and advantages of my invention willappearwvith reference to the subjoined' specification and aci-wnipanying two sheets of drawings, in which:

' showing it full size, with parts broken away for clea'rness of illustration Figure 3 is an el'eva'tion with the cap removed, showing the attaching plate, cylyoke, the cylinders being shown invertical: section and indicated byline ?3 of Fig- I vertical mid-section taken through'the attaching p ing cap,'indicated by t e lines H.016 Figures'Q and 3; e

Figure 5 is a detail ofone of the pistons 2mg connecting links; and

shock-absorber lever arm and universal connecting rod to the spring. 4

Referring to the drawings in detail, the

device consists of an attaching plate 1 pref- 105 to by means of bolts 5. This attaching plate lie it a s 5 Q'PATEN o5 inequalities, may be reduced to a niinimum Figure 1 is an elevationof one ot-the dc late, yoke andhous re 6 is a'sectionaldetail' vof the adjusta le ball joint connection between the ders when the pistons are on the upstroke. Small ports'are formed in the c linder' 6 tending from the upper ends thereof to. near the lower ends 10 and 11. A supporting boss12 is *eentrally arranged upon the attaching plate 1 and extends outwardly therefrom and is turned iD -fQIIIl I revolvy V v v V sblefit an stub shaft'la shavings b01361 5.- and 6- thwy m of smaller .grall "Io ed oke lfi'extending upwardly;

there from ads to fit snugly upon the boss-12. This stumftoarries. a'hub 15 having an into v (1 arms 17 and 18. i yoke-16 is substantially iui of an anchor and the arms" 1; sand 18 thereof. terminate slightly above the cylinders 6'and -7 when'the yoke is in neutral 1 terminating A in, v

position asshown in-Figure 3. Thei yoke v.

16 and stub 13.,a're free to oscillate-upon the sliding-fits within the bores 8 and 9 of the" cylinders .6.-and 7, Leather cups .27 and 28 are secured tothe under faces of the pistons j .bores 8 and Qofthecylindera. v

21 and 22,by. means of screws and washers 29 and 30 and form a tight fitwithin the The lower ends 1'0, and 11; of t he cylinders 6 and 7 are provided with inlet ports 81' and 7 32' having halved. ball checks 33 and 84 adapted to seat therein; and heldlagainat' ,oontinuedsinward movement means "of lreys185and 86. Relief valves 3 and 38 tapped intotheinner faces of the finder?- w (l and v7.and.1 eornpriueoutlet ,fwm-f ;';muuicatingis'rith pork-J0, eloeedb ball,

means of screw plugs checks-'41, heldiaeatedh means j'o "coil springs 42, adjust'ab held in, relief valves: are provided 'in order-to relieve me -ave pressure iaocumulatedvwithin cylinders and may-be set to relieve this. from five hundred to one thousand; pounds;

pressure; at

' pr any otherfpr'essure desired; i

a housing cap 46 is adapted to fit and be se- {the-spiri.t "an The-attaching pls'ts is of, substantially verted U-shaped ooxifi ration and is'provided with a series of rilled holes 44' spaoed" around its outer edge 45 and against which screws, or the ;'.ke, 47 which extend throng the holes 4 t and are tapped into the bead 48 a v formed around theouter edge of the hone-- "ing cap 46; The liousihgcap 46 is ofcast which the stub shaft material :and is of substantially the safne configuration as the attaching plate 1 and is" provided in its outer wall 49 with acentrally arranged boss 50'having a bore 51through 13"isjournalled--and ahgged with'the-boss'm. a r e' trerfac'e Ofithelios to going i i stuffing s tiers/check valves -50is bored out minute outlet ports 55, 56 an 57, the portsdiameterthanthe port '57"form'ed in the c linder .7 and these rts tend to release t e/fluid con'tent; within the cylinders and allow the pistons to. move slowly as the fluid "is exhausted through these ports on the aldpwnward stroke 0 the pistons 21 An operating arm 58 is keyed to the outer end-of the stub sh ft 13 and heldin position by ofa washer '59 and'screw 60.

v fThis arm extends. outwardly beyond the boss 12 and the arms 17 'and. ,18 thereof are Q connected by meansof furcated-links 1,9 and to pistons 21 and 22 by means of ins 23, .24, 25 and 26, the pistons 21 and22 orming' hou'si cap Mend is s tly as indi sugfin, Fi 're 2 and a ,head fil'intowh i ch' a ball62 is tapped. The

ball ,62 ..carries' an adjustable socket member I fund cket j nt 6 ,13 ,c e rlyfl in Figure '1.

by and up-stroke ofthepiatoni'22.

; fluid level within'chamber'is ke st l fim s s'bdv 'ef e d of cylinders ,and'ia' by r ugh the ports 55am! 56 of the linder' 6 thence through the" port 82 and. c eckf valve-8t otthe cyl illustrated my inder'T and verse;

7 Having thus detw'ri'bed and invention in' ite understood that t as; practice an "sanie inay be modified gest's without departing from scope army invention as set forth'in the followin'g claimsi I c m r s i v 1 1. devicefof 'thetcharaeter described,- comprisin a'n attaching ,frajneand suitable housing t eretorqformi'ng-an "oil' chamber, of "aflurality of cylinders moun .upon said rame,a pivotal yoke carried frame, pistons mounted within said cylinders, link connections between the yoke and pistons, outletmorts formedi'n s id "cylinountefd' in 'said' ivy andineans "whe tion of said" pass fluid throughthe outlet ports of one ll shhwn inneutral position or," in Ta pieferred form I wish it said linders, 'by"the'altern'ate oscillnyoke causes the pistons to bythe fluid through the bypass ports of one cylinder to, said chamber and through the check valve of the opposite cylinder.

3. A device of the character described, comprising an attaching plate, a housing therefor forming a fluid chamber, cylinders carried by said attaching plate, a pivotal yoke carried by said plate, pistons mounted in said cylinders and linkedto said dyoke,

by-pass ports and check valves in sai cylinders, and means whereby the oscillating movement of said yoke alternately forces the fluid through the bypass ports of one cylinder to said chamber and through the check valve of the oposite cylinder; and means for releasing excessive pressure created within said cylinders.

4. A shock absorber, comprising an attaching plate, a housing therefor forming a fluid chamber, a pivotal yoke adapted to oscillate within said chamber, cylinders formed within said housing and adapted to carry pistons, link'connections between said yoke and pistons, means for alternately by passing fluid from one cylinder to the other to retard the movement of the pistons and yoke, and means for releasing excessive pressage created by said pistonswithin the cylin ers.

5.,A double action shock absorber, com-.

prising a housing forming a fluid supply chamber, cylinders mounted with the cham ber ada ted to carry a fluid column, means for gra ually transferring said fluid column from one cylinder to the other, and means whereby the transference of said fluid column from one cylinder is accomplished more rapidly than from the other.

6. A device of the character described, comprising the combination of a vehicle frame andaxle, of-a housing mounted upon the frame forming a fluid chamber, an operating arm therefor, a universal connection between said operating arm and vehicle axle, a pivotal yoke mounted'within said chamr and connected to said operating arm, cylinders within said housin istons mounted to reciprocate within said cy indcrs and linked to said yoke, means whereby the oscillation of said arm and yoke causes the gradual transference of a fluid column from one cylinder to the fluid chamber and thence to the other cylinder, and means whereby the transference of said fluid column from one cylinder is accomplished more rapidly than from the other.

SAMUEL P. BENNETT. 

